PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Color is azure, deep blue or pale blue if found in small crystals or crusts.
Luster is vitreous to dull depending on habit.
Transparency: Transparent if in thin crystals, otherwise translucent to opaque.
Crystal System is monoclinic; 2/m.
Crystal Habits crystals are irregular blades with wedge shaped terminations. Also, aggregate crusts and radiating,
botryoidal, nodular and earthy masses.
Cleavage is good in one direction and fair in another.
Fracture is conchoidal and brittle.
Hardness is 3.5-4.
Streak is blue.
Associated Minerals are numerous and include malachite limonite, calcite, cerussite, quartz, chalcopyrite, native copper,
cuprite, chrysocolla, aurichalcite, shattuckite, liroconite, connellite and other oxidized copper minerals.
Notable Occurrences include numerous localities worldwide, but special localities produce some outstanding specimens
especially from Lasal, Utah; Bisbee, Arizona and New Mexico, USA; Mexico; Tsumeb, Nambia; Shaba, Congo; Toussit, Morocco;
Australia and in many locations in Europe.
Best Field Indicators are color, softness, crystal habits and associations.
Azurite is a very popular mineral because of its unparalleled color, a deep blue called "azure", hence its name.
Azure is derived from the Arabic word for blue. The color is due to the presence of copper (a strong coloring agent), and the way
the copper chemically combines with the carbonate groups (CO3) and hydroxyls (OH). Azurite has been used as a dye for paints and
fabrics for eons. Unfortunately, at times its color is too deep and larger crystals can appear black. Small crystals and crusts
show the lighter azure color well. Azurite is often associated with its colorful close cousin, malachite.
Green malachite is closely associated with azurite in many ways. Not only do they frequently occur together (pictured above),
they also have very similar formulae. Malachite can also replace azurite, making a pseudomorph, or an exact copy of an azurite
crystal (only now instead of being blue, it would be green).
The oxidation is persistent and actually ongoing, although very slow. Azurite paints made centuries ago have undergone the
transformation much to the imagined horror of artists whose paintings of beautiful blue skies now have a most unusual green hue!
Thankfully for mineralogists and collectors, this transformation is one of the most asthetically pleasing in the mineral kingdom.
Although the malachite may soften the sharpness of the azurite crystal, it generally leaves the specimen intact and a whole range of
transformations from pure azurite to pure malachite can be obtained. There really is no comparison to any other mineral to mineral
transformation in terms of overall beauty.
